Yes. Top entrance is one thing I make sure I always have on my colonies. cant get clogged with dead bee or snow and allows some of the moisture to escape

Your top insulation will prevent condensation on the lid which is what you need to worry about most and you sugar board will draw any excess water into the sugar which actually helps them use it if needed.

One tray per treatment as the label states. You will only need one spacer. I usually only worry about the temperature for the first couple days as that is when most of the volatile action happens.

All depends on what you are seeing during an inspection. Just make sure they aren’t filling all the space the queen has to lay. If they are cut back by reducing the number of holes they can access or reduce the concentration. They usually don’t store 1:1 but you really just need to look in the colony.

Not enough nurse bees to support the brood would my guess with looking at those couple pictures. Sometime they just aren’t strong enough to get out of the cells before they run out of energy. Always could be poison also and would be hard to tell the difference. Is there enough of a colony left to save?

Yes, a queen that can fit through a catcher is either just small, or not mated or newly mated. I would not even attempt to go into a colony that is raising a new queen for about three weeks. The idea is, if you disrupt them they may think there is something wrong with the queen and begin the process of replacing her.

You first colony most likely is a goner. Sorry to say that. The queen cell most likely has a dead queen in it. She should of emerged before the workers went laying workers. The other bad news is it is very hard to requeen a laying worker colony because they think they have a queen and will typically kill queen after queen you try to introduce. I would suggest shaking out that colony at least 100 years away and put the package into that colony after removing all the drone brood. Freeze all those frames to kill any of the mites At least 48 hours. It right now it is a mite factory. If you can cycle all the frames through the freeze before you use them again.